Geneticists want to create a synthetic yeast
The research team from the UK has created a synthetic chromosome, designed to create the world's first synthetic yeast. A number of research groups from other countries are working on the artificial synthesis of other vital elements of yeast. In the end, experts hope to create a clone of synthetic yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. After the synthetic yeast are created, they are genetically programmed to produce various vaccines, biofuels and chemicals. Complete its work specialists intend to 2017. As described in the project, synthetic biology involves the assembly of artificial genes to create new materials that is made in exactly the same way as the construction of new machines.
Some experts believe that in the future these synthetic organisms will be able to completely turn the production processes. Already, experts know much about simulating many aspects of biology, but today experts are going to come down to the very bottom, the gene level for the creation of artificial organisms. Frimon Paul, a geneticist at Imperial College in London , said that compared with other organisms, yeast relatively little DNA in the genome - about 6000.
Now experts model the DNA molecule itself, after which it will play a major nucleotides. "Yeast evolved millions of years, producing energy from sugar and throwing alcohol and carbon dioxide as byproducts. People have learned to adapt the ability of yeast to fit your needs, but we want adapt even further. We want to make yeast predictable and create them in such a way that they conducted the reaction in the right direction.
This is very useful for chemical or medical production, "- says Frimon. "Among other things, these works help us to understand and human biology" - he says. According to the scientist, synthetic yeast model can also be used in studies of anti-cancer cells.
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